The CJI said the person can make an advance directive before a magistrate, who will examine whether the person executing the “living will” is of sound mind. Instead, an attempt can be made to provide safeguards for exercise of such advance directive.The CJI said a family may not desire to go ahead with the process of treatment but is compelled to do so under social pressure especially in a different milieu, and in the case of an individual, there remains a fear of being branded that he/she, in spite of being able to provide the necessary treatment to the patient, has chosen not to do so. Control over essential decisions about China bandage factory how an individual should be treated at the end of life is, hence, an essential attribute of the right to life..The court noted that the possibility of misuse cannot be held to be a valid ground for rejecting advance directive, as opined by the Law Commission of India.

Recognition of the right to accept or refuse medical treatment is founded upon autonomy. The medical board will take the decision on the touchstone of modern technology.Y. Under passive euthanasia medical treatment is denied to a person who cannot be cured.Justices Sikri, Chandrachud and Ashok Bhushan gave concurring judgments with different reasons.”The court said that a person’s advance directive or “living will” to withdraw medical care to allow him to die with dignity will take effect only when a medical board affirms that his/her condition is beyond cure and irreversible.”The apex court laid down principles relating to the procedure for execution of advance directive or “living will” and spelt out guidelines and safeguards to give effect to passive euthanasia in both circumstances, that is where there are advance directives and where there are none.

Terminal illness hastens the loss of faculties. Kanwilkar, D.The CJI pointed out that a certificate from a statutory medical board that a patient’s condition was beyond cure and irreversible would take care of apprehensions of relatives and doctors about withdrawing life support and when it should be done.In a “living will” a person can express his/her desire in advance in writing to have or not to have extraordinary life prolonging measures to keep him/her alive even though there is no chance of recovery from his/her terminal condition.“The directive and guidelines shall remain in force till Parliament brings a legislation in the field,” CJI Misra said.

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What is happening? What exactly is the problem?Several health professionals I spoke to said while it was very creditable that India had managed to shed its import dependence on protective wear and certain medical products in barely two months, the mad rush to step up production had opened the floodgates to many fly-by-night operators who had skipped all quality norms. Arvind Baronia, head of critical care, Sanjay Gandhi Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, said the facility returned 60-70 per cent of the PPEs supplied. Dr Relhan and many others are seeking guidelines for choosing the right PPE after risk assessment for various levels of protection.There has been a flood of complaints about low-quality PPEs, sanitisers, gloves and so on, raising concerns about the impact on India’s public health response to Covid-19 and infection control strategies. Currently, there is no formal standard for the safe disposal of soiled PPEs.

It comes as no surprise that the rules of global trade went out of the window between February and April this year with nations fighting one another to secure supplies of personal protective equipment (PPE). And prices have dipped. He says the government should allow the export of PPEs meant for medical use only after regulating the quality protocols required for manufacturing. The Centre has given a new deadline to local PPE makers to put in their applications for approval of exports.This week, the Directorate-General of Foreign Trade issued a notification which said that the government had not found any applications from July 1 to 3 seeking to export PPE medical coveralls meeting the necessary criteria, and “all applications therefore have been found ineligible for allocation of export quota. There are few testing laboratories to validate quality and even after an increase in their number, “these labs are not sufficient to enable manufacturers to follow global standards”, says Dr Relhan.At the heart of the matter is the lack of standards.“Prof.Since a large number of PPE manufacturers are in the MSME (micro, small and medium enterprises sector), the MSME ministry and state governments should support them financially by bringing in a scheme for funding technology upgradation, counselling and training for both the Medical Devices Rules 2017 (India’s new rules for medical devices) as well as global regulations, especially those of the United States and Europe, and the certification costs.

The global PPE industry is expected to touch 92. It is difficult to spend even a few minutes in those made from cheap non-woven fabric with polyethylene lamination…” a recent report in the Indian Express noted.In the time of war or a pandemic, each country looks out for its own first. Atmanirbharta, or self-reliance, is facing a quality challenge in the protective gear market. Last month, Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières), which won the Nobel Prize in 1999, publicly urged for better regulation to ensure that personal protective equipment is distributed in an equitable and transparent China bandage factory manner during the ongoing coronavirus pandemic. Hospitals should not become amplifers of infection..The coronavirus pandemic has spawned a cottage industry in PPEs, hand sanitisers, masks, etc.” Last month, the government had decided to shift the export of PPEs from the “prohibited” to “restricted” category, with a permissible limit of 50 lakh kits. Much has changed since then.

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